Support Young Mothers!

In some remote areas of the country children as young as 11 are pregnant!

According to the ministry of education statistics ,28,600 girls left school between 2004 and 2008 because they were pregnant .
At secondary level the figure are alarming :in 2007 one in five fell pregnant and did not finish school.

One of the reasons for the large number of pregnant is that many have girls have unprotected sex and lack of access to contraceptives.

Social is another reason where by parents threaten to throw their daughter out of their homes if they attend hight school and refuse to marry,they even ask their daughters to fail their studies so they can marry as soon as possible.

Mamas Health Organization as a charitable and non-governmemnt organization working hard in creating jobs.
As an individual or institution DONOR(S) you are warm welcome to support .

If you like to assist MHO in developing and have suggestions for implementing a new idea that you feel may benefit the young mothers,we encourage you to contact us through mhosafaris@gmail.com

 

 

 

HIV/AIDS

Mother to child transmission of HIV AIDS in Pregnancy
Mandy Osambi
Health Consultant
Kisongo clinic for women
Arusha Tanzania

HIV AND AIDS IN PREGNANCY.

Summary.

• Of pregnancy Introduction
• Mother to child Transmission of HIV (MTCT)
• Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV
• Antenatal care of women with HIV and AIDS
• Care during labour and delivery
• Postnatal care of women with HIV and AIDS
• Follow up for HIV exposed child
• Use of prophylactic antiretroviral (ARU) drugs during pregnancy
• The adverse effect of HIV/AIDS on the outcome of pregnancy.
• The adverse effect in HIV/AIDS
• Introduction

Why is HIV/AIDS of special concern in pregnancy?

HIV/AIDS is a major medical problem complicating pregnancy in Tanzania
HIV/AIDS has major adverse effects with outcome of pregnancy
Pregnancy may adversely affect the course of AIDS in advanced stages

Prevalence

Prevalence of HIV in pregnancy in Tanzania varies from 4 -32 %.

Mother to child transmission of HIV (MTCT)

The risk of MTCT is estimated at 15-40 % in developing world.
MTCT (vertical transmission) is cause of over 90% of all HIV infected children aged below 15 years.
MTCT is estimated to be the cause of about 72.000 infected children's in Tanzania annually (year 2000 data).
In Tanzania MTCT is about 40% distributed as follows:
10% In Utero
20% During labour and delivery
10% Through breast feeding


Estimated risk of MTCT in the absence of intervations (including risks during pregnancy labour and delivery.

Timing and Transmission

During Pregnancy 5% -10%

During Labour and delivery 10% -15%

During Brest Feeding 5% -20%

Overall withought breast feeding 15% -25%

Overall with breast feeding to 6 month 20% -25%

Overall with breast feeding 18to24 month 30%-45%

Factors associated with increased MTCT of HIV, viral factors

A.
Viral load

High levels of Maternal
Subtypes of HIV virus: Subtypes is associated with higher MTCT than A, B, and D.

B.
Maternal factors

Primary HIV infection during pregnancy
Poor maternal nutrition
Presence of abruption or chorioamnionities
Maternal disease stage: Advanced stage – MTCT
Presence of other maternal infections in pregnancy and delivery STI, syphilis, vaginosis, etc
Factors associated with increased MTCT of HIV

C.
Fetal factors

Prematurely
Genetic susceptibility
Twin pregnancy

D.
Postnatal factors

Breast conditions (mastitis, abscess, and nipple cracks)
Pattern of infant feeding: - prolonged breast feeding
mixed feeding
Infant infection (e.g., oral thrush, gastritis)
Prevention of MTCT of HIV (PMTCT)

• Promotion of access to counseling and testing in FP, MCH clinics, antenatal words etc
• Promotion of male involvement in PMTCT
• General information, education, and communication in the general population
• Promote HIV education during pregnancy

Prevention of MTCT can be achieved through:

• FP in FP clinics and comprehensive ANC
• Provision of prophylactic ARV to HIV infected pregnant women
• Provision of comprehensive ANC
• Provision of appropriate obstetric car
• Modification of infant feeding practices
• Exclusive breast feeding or exclusive replacement feeding
• Avoid inteinvasive procedures during ANC, ECV, do C/S when feasible

Antenatal care of women with HIV/AIDS

• Give similar obstetric ANC to both HIV negative and positive.
• No need for increased ANC visits to those who are HIV positive of have AIDS unless there are complications
• Provide grated ANC/Medical care to HIV related conditions
• Provide social and psychological support
• Provide counseling to include: Potential modes of transmission esp. delivery method and infant feeding
• Encourage to involve partner
• Provide continued support
• Teach as HIV related programs e.. Wt loss, diarrhea
• Teach self care & nutrition

Care during labour and delivery

Follow outline

• Avoid repeated VE during labour
• Avoid prolonged rapture of membranes
• Avoid ARM if progress of labour is adequate
• Avoid unnecessary episiotomies
• Avoid suction of the newborn unless it is absolutely necessary
• Periods are likely to be intensified


Postnatal car of a woman with HIV/AIDS

Stress and anxiety of the postnatal period are likely to be intensified.

Elements to be addressed in postnatal care include
continued care at MCH/postpartum clinic and addressing HIV related emotional land clinical issues Provide adequate emotional support Elicit early sings and symptoms of physical and emotional stress and help accordingly gloves should be worn when examining the perineum C/S wound, cord care, changing baby diaper, etc.

• Mother should be encouraged to care for baby if conditions allow.
• Plan for ongoing care by Community Health worker prior to discharge
• Decision to inform other care givers of her HIV status should be left of the women herself
• Information on contraception should be offered before discharge.
• Postnatal care of HIV/AIDS patients (continue)
• Teach on early signs of HIV infection and encourage reporting to clinic
• Discuss with pt. feeding options and the additional risk of breast feeding
• Discuss option for replacement feeding
• Promote access to FP
• Plan with the woman for early regular follow up at the nearest care and treatment clinic (CTC).


Follow up for the HIV exposed child

Babies born in Health care facilities should receive MCH card with NVP (Nevirapine) prophylaxis dose must be indicated if given.
Routine follow up (monthly to one year, than three monthly to 5 years)
Do a full clinical reassessment at each follow up visit including growth and development assessment.
Counsel about feeding practices. Avoid giving both breast milk and formula milk (limited feeding) in the first 6 months of life.
Start Contrimoxazole prophylaxis from 6 weeks onwards
Perform an antibody test for HIV infection at 18 months, and if the child is breast feeding at 6 weeks after stopping breast feeding


Use of prophylactic antiretroviral (ARV) drugs during pregnancy

Use of ARV have been shown to reduce MTCT
All pregnant HIV positive women should be prescribed Nevirapine and advised to take it when labour starts.
Women who deliver at home should be advised to bring their babies for Nevirapine administration within 72 hours of delivery
A single dose of 200 mg orally is given to the mother at onset of labour combined with a single 2 mg/kg oral dose given to her infant within 72 hours after delivery
If a pregnant women is on ARV (first or second line the rapy) then the baby still needs to be given a single dose of NVP and the mother needs counseling on breastfeeding options; exclusive breast feeding or formula milk

Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for the HIV exposed child

Weight Dosage

Below 10kgs 5mg/kgs syrup

Between 10kgs 1/2tab single strength

Above 15kgs 2tabs single strength

Training and safari

All the Medical staff around the world is invited To Tanzania for several weeks, as volunteers to come and teach our doctors in their professional support and knowledge transfer. Tanzania Medical staff from various Hospitals and clinics will attend the Trainings

One week of Trainings .
2Days of symposium
3Days of practice in Local clinics.
2Day of learning Swahili.

Training and safari.
Enjoy safari with experienced English speaking drivers and guides:
Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro
Climbing Mount Meru
Serengeti and Ngorongoro
Bicycle Tour.


Training and safari will be support our activities such as education to local medical staff and women and kids.

For father information like you reaction to Mamas Health Organization.

Contact us

Mamas Health Organization.
P.o. Box 499.
Usa –River.
Arusha,
Tanzania.
mandy.osambi@gmail.com
http://mamashealth.blogspot.com/

Support Mamas Health Organization

Mama na mtoto

This is Doctor Leah; she is one of the members of Mamas Health Organization. She is Tanzanian doctor, has several years experience in our local clinic.


She was luck to get a sponsor, and she is now in KCMC for her medical studies.

" Maasai clinic"

Our nurse in mamas clinic teaching a maasai mama how to take Ant malaria pills.

Clinic kwa watoto na mama mjamzito.

M.H.O- Kisongo women clinc

     Kisongo Mamas Clinc

 This is M.H.O Kisongo women clinic in Arusha ,Tanzania .This clinic is managed by women .mamas clinic is neighbouring two schools ,One the left side there is a school called Eunoti Primary School and the right side there is a school called Eunoti Secondary School.

Women Ward.

 In this clinic we have 2 wards ,1 for women and onether one for kids we wish to extend our clinic but for now we do not have any stable funder or sponser to support us .

M.C.H

 At kisongo village every wednesday is a market day everbody attend the market.

On thusday Maasai mamas bring their kids to come for check ups and many pregnant maasai mamas are attending too ,after M.H.O concelling for many years now Maasai mamas of this are understand what is the importance of going to see the doctor.

                                                                     LABORATORY

This is M.H.O Kisongo women clinic the only thing we have here is an old microscope without lamp .

Last Day .

M.H.O members are singing while carrying a gift to our sponsors from Dutch Kilimanjaro Foundation.

This is the last Day our guest gether at M.H.O BB usa river house ,After a long week of Teaching and safari we gether here to say good bye .

Education and Health.

The provision of education and Health services to lonely women and the general public at large

                                                                                           

Seminars and workshops!

To provide new methodologies of diagnosis and treatment to local Tanzanain doctors by means of seminars and workshops and any other appropriate means

.

M.H.O syposium and workshop

 Symposium

The management and training experience of Mamas Health Organization, the broad

experience of Dutch Kilimanjaro Doctors in quality assurance and the policy of

following advice of the World Health Organization (WHO) in training programmes and

focus on special topics (Women’s health, top 10 diseases), make these courses a

unique opportunity for participants to enhance their skills in managing Women’s health on all levels.

COURSE DESIGN

The course lasts for two weeks and is conducted in English. It consists of presentations, discussions, group activities and field visits. The course is highly participatory the inter-change of skills and experience among course members is essential for training activities and learning.

COURSE CONTENT

Training Cost for Tanzanian Doctors: free of charge

Training for International Participant

EUR 1,850 (One thousand and eight hundred and fifty Euros) This covers

the following: - transfer to and from the airport - hotel accom-

modation - three meals a day during the week,

breakfast during the weekend - coffee and tea during course

breaks - tuition fee including books and materials - field trips

In addition to this fee, each participant requires an allowance

to cover personal expenses.

Mamas Health Organization is inviting doctors all over Tanzania to come and attend this course,three times a year every year since 2004.

Vacation Volunteer

Volunteer vacation are disigne for travelers who wish to participate in a cross-culture learning vacation experience while also doing some voluteering in Tanzania elementary schools clincs and orphanages.

The program begins with your arrival in Arusha where you will be met by a MHO repsentive who will escort you to your home stay .where you will stay for tree days of orientation .
Following orientation activities ,you will begining your voluteer services is a clinic ,school or orphanages.
Volunteer placement include teaching and providing much needed services to underprivileged women and kid

Mamas health Organization

Mamas Health Organization

Mamas Health organisation(M.H.O)is non-governmental,non-profit making and Religious independent organization based in USA River and was registered under the societies
ordinance with registration No.So 12595 june of 2004.

The objects of the organization are as follows:

.To provide education and health services to widow women and the general public large.
.To grants the lonely women to enable them to do entrepreneur business to meet their basic needs to sustainable development.
.Works collaboratively with health care providers (Amo, Mo, Specialists) and consumers (Women,) to help close the gap between what is known about public health problems, focusing on mother’s care and what is done to solve them

The offices of the organization are relocated in Arusha and singida.Its our sincere hope that you will recognize our effort in fighting and minimizing the problems affecting our communities.